IB Environmental Systems and Societies SL - 2026 - Questionbank

The IB Environmental Systems and Societies SL (Standard Level) 2026 Questionbank is a great source of practice questions, coming from the entire syllabus! Each question comes with a clear markscheme and solution video, with an experienced IB teacher going through the question step-by-step. The questions are organized by topic and arranged by difficulty, making it the perfect resource for studying a particular concept.

Topic 1

Foundation

Topic 1 All

All Questions in Topic 1 Foundation

1.1 - Perspectives

Values, Surveys, Worldviews, EVS, Environmental Movement

1.2 - Systems

System Diagrams, Open & Closed Systems, Gaia, Feedback Loops, Equilibrium, Tipping Point, Model, Emergent, Resilience

1.3 - Sustainability

Development, Justice, Inequalities, Indicators, Footprint, Biocapacity, SDGs, Planetary Boundaries, Doughnut, Circular

Topic 2

Ecology

Topic 2 All

All Questions in Topic 2 Ecology

RV Free

2.1 - Species to Ecosystems

Classification, (A)biotic, Carrying Capacity, Limiting Factors, Population Growth, Sampling, Lincoln, Habitat, Keystone

RV Free

2.2 - Energy & Biomass

Photosynthesis, Respiration, Thermodynamics, Food Chain & Web, Trophic Level, Productivity, Pyramids, Non-Biodegradeable

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2.3 - Biogeochemical Cycles

Stores, Sinks, Sources, Carbon Cycle, Carbon Sequestration, Fossil Fuels, Ocean Acidification

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2.4 - Climate & Biomes

Weather, Tricellular Model of Atmospheric Circulation, Ocean Currents, Global Warming, Biome Shift

RV Free

2.5 - Zonation & Succession

Transects, Environmental Gradient, Sere, Climax Community, Primary & Secondary Succession

RV Free

Topic 3

Biodiversity & Conservation

Topic 3 All

All Questions in Topic 3 Biodiversity & Conservation

RV Gold

3.1 - Biodiversity & Evolution

Natural Selection, Speciation, Richness & Evenness, Simpson's Reciprocal Index, Habitat, Species and Genetic Diversity

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3.2 - Human Impact on Biodiversity

Direct & Indirect Threats, Invasive Species, IUCN Red List, Tragedy of the Commons

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3.3 - Conservation & Regeneration

Species- & Habitat-based, ex & in situ, CITES, CBD, Flagship & Keystone Species, Edge Effect, Corridor, Rewilding

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Topic 4

Water

Topic 4 All

All Questions in Topic 4 Water

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4.1 - Water Systems

Hydrological Cycle, Glaciers, Groundwater, Evapotranspiration, Precipitation, Run-off, Infiltration, Steady State

RV Gold

4.2 - Water Access & Use

Water Security, Scarcity and Conservation, Dams, Rainwater, Desalination, Wetlands

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4.3 - Aquatic Food Systems

Phytoplankton, Macrophytes, Trawling, Ghost Fishing, Maximum Sustainable Yield, Collapse, MPAs, Aquaculture

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4.4 - Water Pollution

Sewage, Run-off, Oil Spills, Plastic, Water Quality Index, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Eutrophication

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Topic 5

Land

Topic 5 All

All Questions in Topic 5 Land

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5.1 - Soil

Soil Profile, Horizon, Texture, Weathering, Erosion, Leaching, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sand, Silt, Clay, Humus

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5.2 - Agriculture & Food

Farming, Crops, Livestock, Food Waste, Distribution and Security, Green Revolution, Fertilisers, Soil Conservation, Diet

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Topic 6

Atmosphere & Climate Change

Topic 6 All

All Questions in Topic 6 Atmosphere & Climate Change

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6.1 - The Atmosphere

Tricellular Model, Greenhouse Effect, GHGs, Solar Radiation

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6.2 - Climate Change - Causes & Impacts

Carbon Dioxide, Enhanced Greenhouse Effect, Global Warming, Biome Shift, Resilience, Albedo, Methane, Planetary Boundary

RV Gold

6.3 - Climate Change - Mitigation & Adaptation

Global Action, Decarbonisation, National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPA)

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6.4 - Stratospheric Ozone

UV Radiation, Mutation, Cancer, Sunburn, Cataracts, ODSs, CFCs, Ozone Holes, Montreal Protocol, Planetary Boundary

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Topic 7

Natural Resources

Topic 7 All

All Questions in Topic 7 Natural Resources

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7.1 - Natural Resources

Natural Capital & Income, Goods, Services, Ecosystem Services, Renewable, Value, Dynamic, Resource Security

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7.2 - Energy Sources

Renewable, Fossil Fuels, Nuclear, Intermittency, Storage, Consumption, Choices, Conservation, Efficiency

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7.3 - Solid Waste

SDW, E-Waste, Food, Biohazardous, Pollution, Prevent, Restore, Landfill, Incineration, Recycle, Export, Energy, Compost

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Topic 8

Human Populations & Urban Systems

Topic 8 All

All Questions in Topic 8 Human Populations & Urban Systems

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8.1 - Human Populations

Births, Deaths, Migration, TFR, DT, NIR, Life Expectancy, Growth, Age-Sex Pyramids, Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

RV Gold

8.2 - Urban Systems & Urban Planning

Urbanisation, Population Density, Buildings, Infrastructure, Rural-Urban Migration, Suburbanisation, Urban Land Use

RV Gold

8.3 - Urban Air Pollution

Primary Pollutants, Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Particulate Matter, Fossil Fuels, Acid Rain

RV Gold

Tools & Inquiry

All

All Questions in Tools & Inquiry

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T1 - Experimental Techniques

Dichotomous Keys, Quadrats, Transects, Lincoln, Abiotic Factors, Surveys, Sampling, Diversity, Populations, Biomass

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T3 - Mathematical Tools

Calculations, Interpretation of Data, Statistics, Simpson's, Lincoln, NIR, Doubling Time

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T4 - Systems & Models

Systems Diagrams, Flow Diagrams, Models

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I - Investigations

Designing Investigations, Processing Data, Concluding and Evaluating

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More IB ESS SL - 2026 Resources

Questionbank

All the questions you could need! Sorted by topic and arranged by difficulty, with mark schemes and video solutions for every question.

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Case Studies

Case studies are in-depth investigations of a single person, group, event, or community. Typically, they are used in social, educational, clinical, and business research to explore and analyze complex issues in real-life contexts.

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Practice Exams

Choose your revision tool! Contains topic quizzes for focused study, Revision Village mock exams covering the whole syllabus, and the revision ladder to precisely target your learning.

Past Papers

Full worked solutions to all past paper questions, taught by experienced IB instructors.