Which of the following is an example of a mixture?

::indent
- A.$\hspace{1em}$ Sucrose

- B.$\hspace{1em}$ Distilled water

- C.$\hspace{1em}$ Seawater

- D.$\hspace{1em}$ Sodium chloride

Which of the following is a characteristic of liquids?

::indent
- A.$\hspace{1em}$ Their particles vibrate about fixed positions

- B.$\hspace{1em}$ They can be compressed easily

- C.$\hspace{1em}$ They take up the shape of the container they are in

- D.$\hspace{1em}$ The particles move freely and quickly in all directions

Which of the following methods is used to separate a solid from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixture?

::indent
- A.$\hspace{1em}$ Distillation

- B.$\hspace{1em}$ Filtration

- C.$\hspace{1em}$ Crystallisation

- D.$\hspace{1em}$ Sublimation

A liquid has a boiling point of $-185 ^\circ\mathrm{C}$. What is this temperature in Kelvin?

::indent
- A.$\hspace{1em}$ 88 K

- B.$\hspace{1em}$ $-88$ K

- C.$\hspace{1em}$ 458 K

- D.$\hspace{1em}$ $-458$ K

 In the following paper chromatogram using water as the solvent, which component of the mixture (1 or 2) has the greatest affinity for the mobile phase, and what is the identity of the mobile phase?
:::center
![CH0851](question:7a7f8ebd-f13e-41c5-b812-3fe0be571079)
:::

:br
::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$ 1; water

- B. $\hspace{1em}$ 1; paper
- C. $\hspace{1em}$ 2; water
- D. $\hspace{1em}$ 2; paper


Which of the following is a mixture?
::indent
- I.  $\hspace{1em}$ Solder \
II. $\hspace{0.5em}$ Ammonia\
III. $\hspace{0.3em}$ Seawater
 
:br
::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$  I only 

- B. $\hspace{1em}$  I and II only 
- C. $\hspace{1em}$  I, II, and III 
- D. $\hspace{1em}$ I and III only


Which of the following statements is correct about liquids?

:br
::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$ They can be compressed and undergo an endothermic process to vaporize


- B. $\hspace{1em}$ They cannot be compressed and undergo an endothermic process to vaporize


- C. $\hspace{1em}$ They can be compressed and undergo an exothermic process to vaporize


- D. $\hspace{1em}$ They cannot be compressed and undergo an exothermic process to vaporize

[Maximum mark: 6\]

Carbon undergoes combustion in the presence of oxygen, as shown below.
:::center
$\ce{C (s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g)}$
:::

Solid carbon dioxide, known as dry ice, is used in vaccine cooling and preserving blood and tissue samples.			

1. Complete the table below by stating the term element, compound, or mixture to classify reactants and products.			:marks[1]			
:::center
::indent
- :::tableoptions{}
  | $\ce{C (s)}$ | $\ce{O2 (g)}$ | $\ce{CO2(g)}$|
  | :-- | :-- | :-- |
  |  | | $\hspace{1em}$  |
  :::


2. Gaseous carbon dioxide can be converted into dry ice. State the name of this process. 									:marks[1]

3. Evaluate the benefits of dry ice in vaccine cooling.			:marks[2]

4. Dry air is composed of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases.\
Comment on the statement below:						
:::center
*¨Dry air is a homogeneous mixture.¨*  :marks[2]
:::


The heating curve of a substance is given below.
:::center
![unnamed (6)](question:b8ac019b-2ad0-49d0-862e-0cb65ac25572)

$\footnotesize{\textrm{[© Revision Village 2023]}}$
:::

Which statement(s) below is(are) correct?

::indent
- :::tableoptions{col1="hide" col2="hide"}
  | | |
  | :-- | :-- |
  | I. | Y is the melting point  |
  | II. | Through MN, an input of energy increases the energy of the solid |
  | III. | Through NO, the liquid and solid states coexist |
  :::


:br

::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$ I and II only


- B. $\hspace{1em}$ I, II, and III


- C. $\hspace{1em}$ II and III only


- D. $\hspace{1em}$ II only
 


Sugar must be recovered from a solution of sugar and ethanol.

$\textit{Hint: Ethanol is highly flammable with a boiling point of 78°C.}$

Which statement(s) below is(are) correct?

::indent
- :::tableoptions{col1="hide" col2="hide"}
  | | |
  | :-- | :-- |
  | I. | Evaporation with a Bunsen burner is an appropriate technique  |
  | II. | A hot water bath (above 78°C) can be used with an evaporating basin containing the mixture as a proper technique |
  | III. | Filtration is a safe and appropriate technique for this purpose |
  :::


:br
 

 ::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$ I only


- B. $\hspace{1em}$ II only


- C. $\hspace{1em}$ III only


- D. $\hspace{1em}$ I and II only

Which statement(s) is(are) correct about the condensation of water?

::indent
- :::tableoptions{col1="hide" col2="hide"}
  | | |
  | :-- | :-- |
  | I. | It is opposite to sublimation   |
  | II. | It is an exothermic process |
  | III. | $\ce{H2O}$ molecules get arranged so water has a fixed shape |
  :::


:br

::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$ I only


- B. $\hspace{1em}$ II only


- C. $\hspace{1em}$ III only


- D. $\hspace{1em}$ I, II, and III 


[Maximum mark: 7\]

Some plant pigments were analyzed through paper chromatography. Standards **A**, **B**, **C**, and **D** have been used against the pigments.		 
:br

:::center
![unnamed (1)](question:28f2ec03-20c4-469e-9bfb-b1c2e0c2d1a1)
$\footnotesize{\textrm{[© Revision Village 2023. Created with Chemix (https://chemix.org)]}}$
:::

A group of students analyzed the results. Some of their hypothesis are listed below.

Mariana´s hypothesis: Plant **Z** contains pigments B and C, and it has been proven to be a mixture of three components. 

Hiba´s hypothesis: Plant **Y** presents pigments A and D. All three plants are made of a mixture of pigments. 

Priya´s hypothesis: Plant **X** has many colored components. The red component is the one with the lowest retention factor. 

:br

1. Comment on each hypothesis and determine its validity.				:marks[3]
											
2. Calculate the retention factor of the red spot in standard A.			:marks[1]

3. Identify the standard with the lowest affinity for the solvent used in the paper chromatography. Explain your reasoning.						:marks[2]

4. Suggest a limitation of the paper chromatography described as a separating technique.										:marks[1]  

A mixture is composed of wood chips, water, and sodium chloride. Which sequence of techniques could be used to isolate the wood chips and the sodium chloride separately?

:br

::indent

- A. $\hspace{1em}$ Evaporation followed by paper chromatography

- B. $\hspace{1em}$ Filtration followed by paper chromatography
- C. $\hspace{1em}$ Evaporation followed by solvation
- D. $\hspace{1em}$ Filtration followed by evaporation


\[Maximum mark: 11\]


The melting point of benzene is 5.5$°C$, and its boiling point is 80.1$°C$. 

1.  Draw the heating curve for benzene from -10$°C$ to 110$°C.$  :marks[3]


2.  State the state of matter of benzene at -6.0$°C.$ :marks[1]


3. Describe the arrangement of benzene molecules at 50.0$°C.$  :marks[2]


4.  5.00 $g$ of $\ce{NaCl}$ is added to 100 $cm^3$ of benzene. The salt is insoluble in the solvent. 

    (i) Determine the type of mixture formed. :marks[1]

    (ii) Suggest a technique that can be applied to separate and recover benzene and sodium chloride. Sketch a labeled diagram to show how the separation will take place.	 :marks[4]






\[Maximum mark: 7\]

The diagram below represents the heating of ice starting at $-20 ^\circ \mathrm{C}$.

:::center
![1.1-13](question:99fdc9f0-090e-4132-85fd-c49f552f5de5)
:::

1. Complete the table. :marks[5]

    | Segment number | What phase(s) is/are present? | What is happening at the particle level? | What phase change, if any, is taking place? |
    |:--------------:|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
    |        1       |                               |                                          |                                             |
    |        2       |                               |                                          |                                             |
    |        3       |                               |                                          |                                             |
    |        4       |                               |                                          |                                             |
    |        5       |                               |                                          |                                             |




2. Give the melting point of the substance. :marks[1]

3. Identify the state of particles at $110^\circ\mathrm{C}$. :marks[1]

[Maximum mark: 10\]

Biological dyes contaminated a local pond. These dyes are known to be soluble solids. A sample of the polluted pond water was collected for separation and further identification of the dyes to determine how best to remediate the area.        

:::center
![CH0854](question:3080cb24-1b57-4323-9bba-609b9e38ea65)
:::           

1. State whether this mixture is homogeneous or heterogeneous, explaining your answer. :marks[2]

2. State the technique that could be used to remove the wood chips, algae, and plant matter from the mixture. :marks[1]

3. State the technique that could be used to isolate the dissolved solids (salts, dyes, etc) from the water. :marks[1]

4. State the technique that could be used to separate the salts from the dyes.  :marks[1]

5. Explain the properties of the substances that enable their separation in question (d). :marks[2]

6. Once the dyes have been separated from the remainder of the sample, paper chromatography could be used to determine how many dyes are present. State the identity of the stationary phase and an example of a mobile phase. :marks[1]

7. From the following paper chromatogram, state which dye (**A** or **B**) has a greater affinity for the mobile, describing the evidence to support this answer. :marks[2] 
:::center
![CH0854g](question:aaf79678-54da-49c0-aa4d-3686d9795d95)
:::


A dye has been contaminated with another substance, and this dye undergoes recrystallization in an attempt to remove the contaminant.\
 Which of the paper chromatograms below (**A**, **B**, **C**, or **D**) indicates that the recrystallization successfully removed the contaminant?

*Each chromatogram contains a before recrystallization (1) and after recrystallization (2)*.
 
:::center
![CH0853](question:2b0859c9-cee6-4c61-aab4-2078f2b6bf65)
::: 


Paper chromatography is a technique that can be used to separate which of the following?

:br

::indent
 
- A.$\hspace{1em}$ A liquid and an insoluble solid

- B.$\hspace{1em}$ Soluble solids
- C.$\hspace{1em}$ A solid and an insoluble liquid
- D.$\hspace{1em}$ Insoluble solids


The boiling point of propan-2-ol is 82$°C$.
Which statement(s) below is(are) correct?

::indent
- :::tableoptions{col1="hide" col2="hide"}
  | | |
  | :-- | :-- |
  | I. | Evaporation of propan-2-ol can occur at 80$°C$  |
  | II. | At 82$°C$ condensation of propan-2-ol can occur |
  | III. | Propan-2-ol at 100$°C$ presents particles close together and randomly arranged  |
  :::


:br

::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$ I only


- B. $\hspace{1em}$ II only


- C. $\hspace{1em}$ I and II only


- D. $\hspace{1em}$ III only





\[Maximum mark: 3\]

The table below shows the data gathered by a chemist regarding substances A, B, and C. Using the data given, discuss which is a pure substance or a mixture. If the substance is a pure substance, determine whether it is an element or a compound.

| Substance |          Appearance          |  Melting point  | Observed property                                                                           |
|:---------:|:------------------:|:---------------:|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|     A     |    White crystalline solid   |      $801^\circ\mathrm{C}$     | In aqueous solution, it reacts with silver nitrate forming a precipitate of silver chloride |
|     B     |  Silver metallic appearance  |      $660^\circ\mathrm{C}$     | Reacts with oxygen forming an oxide                                                         |
|     C     | Fine white crystalline solid | $186^\circ\mathrm{C}$ - $800^\circ\mathrm{C}$ | Readily dissolves in water                                                                  |

50.0 $cm^3$ of water with 15.0 $g$ of sugar, $\ce{C12H22O11}$ were added to a flask and stirred. After a while, 9.00 $g$ of sugar were left undissolved at the bottom of the flask. Which statement(s) is(are) correct?

::indent
- :::tableoptions{col1="hide" col2="hide"}
  | | |
  | :-- | :-- |
  | I. | The flask contains a homogeneous mixture |
  | II.  | Filtration does not allow complete separation of sugar and water in the flask |
  | III. | Evaporation will allow the recovery of water from the mixture |
  :::
:br
 
::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$  I and III only


- B. $\hspace{1em}$  I and III only 


- C.  $\hspace{1em}$  II and III only


- D. $\hspace{1em}$  II only


A mixture is investigated through paper chromatography, comparing it with standards X, Y, and Z. The development of the chromatograph allows the interpretation of the results shown below.
:::center
![unnamed (2)](question:88c69bc4-9cbd-4678-95d2-5bedc6d6c006)
$\footnotesize{\textrm{[© Revision Village 2023.Created with Chemix (https://chemix.org)]}}$
:::
Which statement(s) is(are) correct?

::indent
- :::tableoptions{col1="hide" col2="hide"}
  | | |
  | :-- | :-- |
  | I. | X and Y are present in the mixture   |
  | II. | Z is not present in the mixture |
  | III. | The mixture must have been made with five components only |
  :::

:br

 ::indent
- A. $\hspace{1em}$ I only


- B. $\hspace{1em}$ I and II only


- C. $\hspace{1em}$ I, II, and III


- D. $\hspace{1em}$ II and III only



Elements, Compounds, Mixtures, Separation Techniques, Kinetic Molecular Theory, Changes of States

SL - 2025

Models of the Particulate Nature of Matter

Introduction To The Particulate Nature Of Matter

CH0850

CH0851

CH0852

CH0853

CH0014

CH0854

The Nuclear Atom

CH0048

CH0047

CH0050

CH0679

CH0017

CH0057

CH0056

Electron Configurations

CH0262

CH0258

CH0397

CH0589

CH0253

CH0266

CH0685

CH0684

The Mole

CH0022

CH0371

CH0026

CH0027

CH0028

Ideal Gases

CH0963

CH0964

CH0965

CH0043

CH0070

Introduction to the Particulate Nature of Matter

CH0001

CH0010

CH0006

CH0007

CH0013

CH1103

CH1093

CH1094

CH1096

CH1098

CH1099

CH1100

CH1101

CH1102

CH1104

CH1105

Atomic Structure, Subatomic Particles, Isotopes, Atomic Number, Mass Number

CH0049

CH0052

CH0051

CH0678

CH0055

CH0054

Hydrogen Emission Spectra, Wavelength, Frequency, Energy, Full & Condensed Electron Configuration, Orbital Diagram

CH0255

CH0254

CH0259

CH0261

CH0267

CH0268

CH0257

CH0264

CH0686

CH0263

CH0775

CH0779

CH0256

CH0260

CH0813

CH0265

CH0583

CH0690

CH0398

Moles, Mass, Molar Mass, Relative Atomic Mass, Relative Formula Mass, Empirical vs Molecular Formulas, Avogadro's Law 

CH0015

CH0019

CH0018

CH0016

CH0020

CH0031

CH0021

CH0025

CH0236

CH0249

CH1335

Ideal Gases, Real Gases' Deviation, Molar Volume, Ideal Gas Equation, Combined Gas Law

CH0032

CH0034

CH0036

CH0041

CH0673

CH0033

CH0035

CH0844

Models of Bonding & Structure

The Ionic Model

CH0159

CH0700

CH0062

CH0064

CH0008

CH0966

The Covalent Model

CH0347

CH0339

CH0788

CH0953

CH0586

CH0281

CH0711

The Metallic Model

CH0536

CH0535

CH0538

CH0539

CH0713

CH0545

From Models to Materials

CH0147

CH0540

CH0541

CH0960

CH0958

CH0961

CH0962

Ionic Bond, Ionic Compounds, Polyatomic Ions

CH0058

CH0067

CH0061

CH0060

CH0003

CH0284

CH0291

CH0063

CH0066

CH0294

Covalent & Coordination Bonds, Octet Rule, Lewis Formula, VSEPR, Bond & Molecular Polarities, IMF, Chromatography

IB Chemistry SL - 2025 - Questionbank

S1.1 - Introduction to the Particulate Nature of Matter

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